[Eng] (GR) 간접화법(Indirect Speech)

간접화법이란? 

간접화법(Indirect Speech)은 다른 사람이 말한 내용을 전달자의 입장에서 바꾸어 말하는 것을 말해요. 직접화법(Direct Speech)과 달리, 인용 부호를 사용하지 않고, 시제와 대명사를 바꾸어 표현합니다.

 

간접화법의 기본 규칙

1. 시제 변화: 주절의 시제가 과거일 경우, 종속절의 시제도 과거로 바뀝니다.
2. 대명사 변화: 화자의 입장에서 대명사를 바꿉니다.
3. 부사 변화: 시간과 장소를 나타내는 부사도 바뀝니다. 

예문

평서문 (Statements) 

• 직접화법: She said, "I am tired."
• 간접화법: She said that she was tired.

의문문 (Questions)

• 직접화법: He asked, "Where are you going?"
• 간접화법: He asked where I was going. 

명령문 (Commands)

• 직접화법: The teacher said, "Close the door."
• 간접화법: The teacher told me to close the door. 

시제 변화 예시

• 현재 시제: "I am happy." → She said that she was happy.
• 현재완료 시제: "I have finished." → He said that he had finished.
• 과거 시제: "I went there." → She said that she had gone there.

대명사 변화 예시

• 직접화법: "I will help you." → He said that he would help me.
• 직접화법: "We are ready." → They said that they were ready.

간접화법 의문문에 대해 6W1H(What, When, Where, Why, Who, How)로 나누어 예문을 들어 설명해드릴게요. 

 

What (무엇)

1. 직접화법: She asked, "What are you doing?"
   간접화법: She asked what I was doing.
2. 직접화법: He said, "What is your name?"
   간접화법: He asked what my name was.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "What time does the train leave?"
   간접화법: They asked what time the train left.

When (언제) 

1. 직접화법: She asked, "When will you arrive?"
   간접화법: She asked when I would arrive.
2. 직접화법: He said, "When did you finish the project?"
   간접화법: He asked when I had finished the project.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "When is the meeting?"
   간접화법: They asked when the meeting was.

Where (어디서) 

1. 직접화법: She asked, "Where do you live?"
   간접화법: She asked where I lived.
2. 직접화법: He said, "Where did you go yesterday?"
   간접화법: He asked where I had gone the day before.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "Where is the nearest hospital?"
   간접화법: They asked where the nearest hospital was.

Why (왜) 

1. 직접화법: She asked, "Why are you late?"
   간접화법: She asked why I was late.
2. 직접화법: He said, "Why did you quit your job?"
   간접화법: He asked why I had quit my job.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "Why is the sky blue?"
   간접화법: They asked why the sky was blue. 

Who (누구)

1. 직접화법: She asked, "Who is your teacher?"
   간접화법: She asked who my teacher was.
2. 직접화법: He said, "Who did you meet?"
   간접화법: He asked who I had met.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "Who will come to the party?"
   간접화법: They asked who would come to the party.

How (어떻게)

1. 직접화법: She asked, "How do you make this dish?"
   간접화법: She asked how I made that dish.
2. 직접화법: He said, "How did you solve the problem?"
   간접화법: He asked how I had solved the problem.
3. 직접화법: They asked, "How can we improve our English?"
   간접화법: They asked how they could improve their English.